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Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education 6:1 2001
© 2001 Oxford University Press

Empirical Articles

Television Literacy: Comprehension of Program Content Using Closed Captions for the Deaf

Margaret S. Jelinek Lewis and Dorothy W. Jackson

University of Idaho
The Ohio State University

Recent legislation has made captioned television programs common technology; consequently, televised programs have become more accessible to a broader public. In the United States, television captions are generally in written English, yet the English-literacy rates among people who are deaf are low compared to hearing peers. This research tests the accessibility of television by assessing deaf and hearing students’ comprehension of captions with and without visuals/video based on their ability to respond correctly to questions about the script and central details. Results indicate that reading grade level is highly correlated with caption comprehension test scores. Across caption conditions, comprehension test scores of students who are deaf were consistently below the scores of hearing students. The captioned video provided significantly better comprehension of the script for students who are deaf, suggesting that visual stimuli provide essential information for viewers who are deaf, which improves comprehension of televised script.

Part of this study was funded by the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Student-Initiated Research Grant (HO23B70073). Portions of the data were included in the doctoral dissertation of the first author at Ohio State University and were presented at the Annual Symposium of the Jean Piaget Society, June 11–13, 1998, Chicago, Illinois. We appreciate the voluntary participation of students and administrators in the residential, public, and private schools in the Columbus, Ohio, area.

Correspondence should be sent to Margaret S. Jelinek Lewis, Department of Psychology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-3043 (e-mail: msjlewis{at}uidaho.edu).

Received March 15, 2000; revised August 2, 2000; accepted August 8, 2000


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